The three European nations say their landmark decision is the best way to achieve lasting peace in the Middle East.
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Madrid, Dublin, and Oslo hope to accelerate efforts towards a ceasefire in the war between Israel and Hamas in the Gaza Strip by joining more than 140 of the 193 UN member states that recognize a Palestinian state.
In reaction, Israel withdrew ambassadors from Oslo, Dublin, and Madrid. The US, France, and Germany do not support this decision.